Ethiopias programme of adaptation on climate change. Mar 15, 2016 rainfall variability is a key climate elements that affect crop production in ethiopia, which is largely dependent on rainfed. Ethiopia makes up the greater part of the east african horn of africa. This study was aimed to assess perception of smallholder farmers. Ethiopia is located in northeastern or east central horn of africa lying between 3 and 15 north latitude, 3348 east longitude fig. Ethiopia is bordered in the east by somalia and djibouti, in the south by kenya, in the north and northeast by eritrea and in the west by the north and south sudan. The predominant climate type is tropical monsoon, with wide topographicinduced variation. Both climate variability and change have been occurring in ethiopia. Ethiopian meteorological society, meteorological education and training directorate, national meteorological agency nma of ethiopia, addis ababa, ethiopia.
Climate variability and change in ethiopia global climate. The fundamental economic development objetive of ethiopia is to build a free market economic. However, the oldfashioned topdown approach, global study, has little local and regional specificity and has failed to address the regional and local consequences of climate change. There is not a statistically significant trend in observed mean rainfall in any season in ethiopia. On the impact of weather variability and climate change on. Decreases in julyseptember rainfall observed in the 1980s have shown recovery in the 1990s.
Home publications publication viewer back to list subscribe for bulletins. Moreover, the variability of monthly rainfall, for instance in the dominant rainy season jjas over western ethiopia categorized as subregions r1, r8, and r9 accounts for 65%85% of the total rainfall variability over these regions and reaches its peak in july. Weather, variability, drought, rainfall, temperature. Thesis submitted to lund university masters program in environmental studies. Discordant results between the first 2 rdts are resolved by a third tiebreaker rdt. This study is focused on analysis of temporal variability and trends in historical rainfall records for stations in the geba river basin. It was prepared by chemonics for the atlas task order.
Ethiopian seasonal rainfall variability and prediction using. Complex patterns of climate, climate change, and livelihoods. Ethiopia climatesmart agriculture scoping study melaku jirata, sebastian grey and edward kilawe. In ethiopia a tiebreaker algorithm using 3 rapid diagnostic tests rdts in series is used to diagnose hiv. Climate and climatic variability of rainfall over eastern. According to the assessment by ethiopian national adaptation program of action napa, 2007 the major causes for vulnerability to climate change and variability in ethiopia include very high this article is distributed under the terms of the crea. He was previously a research fellow in the macroeconomic division at the ethiopian.
Climate change impacts in ethiopia, such as the increase in average. The pdf file you selected should load here if your web browser has a pdf reader plugin installed for example, a recent version of adobe acrobat reader if you would like more information about how to print, save, and work with pdfs, highwire press provides a helpful frequently asked questions about pdfs. Climate ethiopia average weather, temperature, rainfall, when to go, what to pack in ethiopia, the climate varies mostly with altitude, and it goes from the hot and arid climate of the lowlands to the cool climate of the plateau. What emerges is a markedly different view of the factors modulating rainfall, the dynamics associated with the seasons, and the character of. With agriculture accounting for half of gdp and 80% of jobs, the ethiopian economy is sensitive to climate variability, particularly variations in rainfall. Climate change vulnerability and risk assessment of.
In this paper, rainfall records of 233 gauge stations over ethiopia for the 19782007 period are. The main rainy season in ethiopia occurs during the northern hemisphere summer, when air masses carrying moisture from the indian ocean, the gulf of guinea, the african continent, the red sea, and the mediterranean sea, converge above the ethiopian mountain plateau. Ethiopian seasonal rainfall variability and prediction. Analysis of variability and trends in rainfall over. Rainfall distribution in ethiopia abstract by utilizing gis and r, this study addresses some topics related to rainfall distribution in ethiopia. Determenants of farmers adaptation strategies to climate. Ethiopia average precipitation 19012015 data 20192020. The ethiopian highlands cover most of the country and have a climate which is generally considerably cooler than other regions at similar proximity to the equator.
The pdf file you selected should load here if your web browser has a pdf reader plugin installed for example, a recent version of adobe acrobat reader if you would like more information about how to print, save, and work with pdfs, highwire press provides a helpful frequently asked questions about pdfs alternatively, you can download the pdf file directly to your computer, from where it. Analysis of variability and trends in rainfall over northern. Evidences show that since 1960 the mean annual temperature of the country has risen by about 1. Homogenization, reconstruction, and gridding next article. Evidently, the impact of interannual and seasonal rainfall variability is adverse particularly among the rural communities in south gondar zone of the amhara national regional state of the country. For ethiopia, that translates into some 2 million additional malnourished children in 2005 undp, hdr 200708. Impact of climate variability on cool weather crop yield. Ethiopian seasonal rainfall variability and prediction using canonical correlation analysis cca kassa fekadu. Gisbased climate variability and drought characterization in ethiopia over three decades article pdf available in weather and climate extremes 151. One of the reasons for limited investigation of climate change and variability over ethiopia is absence of.
Local climate variability and crop production in the central. The world bank climate profile of ethiopia lists the following implications for disaster risk management from climate change. C i aceeettthhhiiiooopppiiiaaa t cllliimmm aat tte ee. Both primary and secondary data sources were used and data. Department of economics, addis ababa university, p. The eastern most corner of ethiopia receives very little rainfall at any time of year. In this study, a runoff model driven by rainfall and potential evapotranspiration was established to estimate the effect.
Climate variability and household adaptation strategies in southern ethiopia. Using rainfall data spanning from 19752003 for 12 stations from the amhara region, woldeamlak 2009 reported, among other things, of lower variability of. Government of ethiopia and humanitarian partners, december 2016 hotspot woreda classification has been derived using six multisector indicators, including agriculture and nutrition, agreed at zonal, regional and federal levels. There is not a statistically significant trend in observed mean rainfall in any season in ethiopia between 1960 and 2006. Exhibit 1 shows that gdp in ethiopia rises or falls about a year. Jan 28, 2017 climate variability and human activities are two major drivers influencing changes in streamflow response of a watershed, and thus assessing their relative effect is essential for developing sustainable water resources planning and management strategies at watershedscale. The effect of moisture transport variability on ethiopian. In ethiopia, the climate varies mostly with altitude, and it goes from the hot and arid climate of the lowlands to the cool climate of the plateau. Most rural people live in the highlands and middlehighlands, which comprise only onethird of the country, and this population tends to be. To identify and quantify the impact of climate change on socioeconomic sectors and ecosystems, many global studies have been carried out and policy changes for mitigation and adaptation were recommended. However, the detail spatial and temporal variability of rainfall over the horn of africa in general and ethiopia in particular is highly complex and not well known yet. The aim of this study was to characterize the climate of the study areas. Rainfall variability and crop production in ethiopia case study in the.
Time series trend analysis of temperature and rainfall in. Malaria risk zones expand to higher elevations in ethiopian highlands. In ethiopia, climate variability and change, including rising temperatures and increasing. Climate change national adaptation programme of action napa of ethiopia editor. Variability and time series trend analysis of rainfall and temperature in northcentral ethiopia. This brief report, drawing from a multiyear effort by the u. Manatsa and behera, 20, and surface zonal winds over the indian ocean nicholson, 2015a was also very low during this period. Variability and time series trend analysis of rainfall and. This report provides ten summary insights and discussion points on the direction of the food systems for healthier diets fshd research program in ethiopia based on a consultation with ethiopian partners and the cgiar ethiopia site integration team, including.
Rainfall is a key component of the hydrological cycle, and its spatiotemporal variability is essential from the both scientific and practical perspectives. It may also include larger particles of liquid water or ice and nonaqueous liquid or solid particles such as those present in fumes, smoke and dust. May 21, 2016 rainfall is a key component of the hydrological cycle, and its spatiotemporal variability is essential from the both scientific and practical perspectives. Abebe tadege this report is the output of a project entitled preparation of national adaptation programme of action for ethiopia that was supported by the gef through the undp. Ethiopia climatesmart agriculture scoping study iii. Seasonaltointerannual variability of ethiopiahorn of. Rainfall is well distributed, varying from 1600 to more than 2000 mm, with a dry season lasting three to four months coinciding with the coolest period. N, ethiopias climate is typically tropical in the south.
Rainfall in ethiopia is becoming increasingly erratic. A hydrometeor consisting of minute particles of liquid water or ice, or of both, suspended in the free air and usually not touching the ground. Recent changes in rainfall, temperature and number of. Historical climate data 19822014, were collected from national meteorological agency.
We used monthly rainfall and temperature data from 2 points each representing a pixel of 10. The impact of climatic variability and climate bragantia, campinas, v. This presentation attempts to revise the knowledge of the climate of ethiopia by means of updated, longer time series and including a larger number of meteostations. The geba catchment is surrounded by the danakil basin in the east, by the tekeze river basin in the. Climate change impact on livelihood, vulnerability and. Climate change is expected to increase the surface temperature of the earth and the oceans, raise sea levels, alter the global distribution of rainfall, affect the direction of ocean currents and major airstreams, and increase the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events. Trends and spatial distribution of annual and seasonal rainfall in ethiopia. Climate variability and farmers perception in southern ethiopia. Climate and climatic variability of rainfall over eastern africa.
Studies on rainfall trends and variability made in ethiopia include weldeamlak 2009 and hongwei et al. Climate variability and change in ethiopia december 2015 the usaid climate change adaptation, thought leadership and assessment atlas activity has undertaken field work and analysis to provide guidance to the food for peace ffp program in ethiopia identifying and prioritizing climate risk and developing illustrative interventions that. Study session 11 impacts of climate change in ethiopia. Team leader, climate change and air pollution studies. Using rainfall data spanning from 19752003 for 12 stations from the amhara region, woldeamlak 2009 reported, among other things, of lower variability of rainfall in the western part of the region than the eastern. Seasonal rainfall variability in ethiopia and its longterm link to global sea surface temperatures. Sustainability free fulltext climate variability and. The primary objective was to compare the performance of. The changing face of ethiopia africa renewal the united nations. I n t e r n a t i o n a l j o u r n a l o f a g r i c u l t u r a l m a n a g e m e n t a n d d e v e l o p m e n t, 7 4, 4 1 54 2 8, f d e c e m b e r 2 0 1 7.
In semiarid highlands of northern ethiopia, episodes of droughts of varying severity and duration occur. Agency for international development usaid famine early warning systems network fews net, examines recent trends in marchjune, juneseptember, and marchseptember rainfall and temperature, identifying significant reductions in rainfall and increases in temperature over time in many areas of ethiopia. In ethiopia and kenya, two of the worlds most droughtprone countries, children aged five or less are respectively 36 and 50 percent more likely to be malnourished if they were born during a drought. Pdf seasonal rainfall variability in ethiopia and its. A preliminary assessment of characteristics and long term variability of rainfall in ethiopiabasis for sustainable land use and resource management. Project coordinator of addis ababa power system master plan. Importance of smallholder farming systems in ethiopia 4. Change forum ethiopia ccfe, the ministry of agriculture, usaid ethiopia and. Ethiopia is strategically located in the northeastern part of africa popularly known as the horn of africa. Response of streamflow to climate variability and changes. Climate variability and human activities are two major drivers influencing changes in streamflow response of a watershed, and thus assessing their relative effect is essential for developing sustainable water resources planning and management strategies at watershedscale. A hotspot matrix is often used as a proxy for the integrated phase food security classification ipc. This paper is motivated by the payout mechanism of index insurance which aims at reducing crop losses associated with weather. A climate trend analysis of ethiopia united states agency.
Ethiopian agriculture is mostly rainfed, whereas interannual and seasonal rainfall variability is high and droughts are frequent in many parts of the country. This study was conducted in northern oromia region part of ethiopia. Evidence from ethiopia mintewab bezabih, salvatore di falco, and alemu mekonnen abstract weather fluctuations tend to be as important as climate change in farmers decision making in countries such as ethiopia that have virtually no weather insurance. This variability of the rainfall and recurrent droughts in the country affects the lives of millions of people whose livelihood is mainly dependent on subsistence agriculture. Local climate variability and crop production in the. On the impact of weather variability and climate change on agriculture.
The effect of moisture transport variability on ethiopian summer precipitation viste, e. To that end, trend analysis has been employed to inspect the change of rainfall and temperature in northcentral ethiopia using gridded monthly precipitation data obtained from global precipitation and climate centre gpcc v7 and temperature data from climate research unit cru ts 3. Economic policy research institute eepri in addis ababa, ethiopia. It shares boundary with the north and south sudan on the west, somalia and djibouti on the east, eritrea on the north and northwest and kenya on the south. Some aspects of climate variability in the north east. Department of rural development and agricultural extension, haramaya university, p. Climate change, growth, and poverty in ethiopia ethiopia. According to the countrys national adaptation programme of action, climate change in ethiopia will bring changes in precipitation patterns, rainfall variability. The aim of this study was to understand the association of crop production with climate variability in the central highlands of ethiopia. Compared to the previous generation of rainfall forecasts, the ensemble predictions developed in. Rainfall variability is a key climate elements that affect crop production in ethiopia, which is largely dependent on rainfed. Lying just north of the equator, the country experiences little variation in temperature throughout the year. Study session 11 impacts of climate change in ethiopia introduction.
708 1529 347 129 536 406 1123 340 765 622 1136 552 1165 1453 123 721 369 156 1247 743 600 1349 601 1184 924 872 1241 247 1075 1073 796 425 676 1092 1370 298 369